Innovative design of high activity ZSM-5 additives for maximum propylene production in the fluid catalytic cracking process: a mini-review
Abstract
The strong global demand for propylene along with the shortage supply from modern steam crackers provides a significant incentive for refi ners to maximise propylene production from FCC units. To respond to this need, most FCC operators currently apply high activity ZSM-5 additives as the most cost-eff ective way to boost the propylene yield. In this paper, the authors discussed several key aspects for innovative design of high activity ZSM-5 additives, i.e. increased contents of ZSM-5 crystals, stabilisation of ZSM-5 framework by phosphorus treatment and optimisation of porous matrix. To illustrate these points, prominent examples in the development of new generations of high activity ZSM-5 additives from the world leading catalyst manufacturers were given. With the new high activity ZSM-5 additives, the desired propylene yield could be obtained with less ZSM-5 usage requirements. This translated in reduced dilution impacts and additive costs; thus enabling FCC operators to produce more propylene to meet the growing propylene demand.
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